Tuesday, February 3, 2026

Women journalists to Human Rights for the World

 


World's History on FaceBook, Feb. 1, 2026

In March 1933, the Red Room of the White House overflowed with women—reporters sitting cross‑legged on the carpet, leaning against walls, balancing notebooks on their knees. The manager of the Associated Press scoffed at the sight, predicting the whole experiment wouldn’t last six months. He was wrong by about twelve years. Eleanor Roosevelt’s strategy was deceptively simple: if news organizations wanted access to the First Lady—if they wanted to know what was happening inside the White House—they would have to hire women. No exceptions. No men allowed.
At first, she played along with the expectations of the male establishment, discussing White House social events, household decisions, and the entertaining of foreign dignitaries—topics deemed appropriate for the “women’s pages.” But everything changed when Prohibition ended. When reporters asked President Franklin Roosevelt whether beer would be served at the White House, he simply smiled and said, “Ask Eleanor.” She delivered the answer at her next women‑only press conference, forcing male reporters to beg their female colleagues for details. And she didn’t stop with beer. Week after week, she made real news—defending equal pay for equal work, advocating for low‑cost housing, speaking boldly about civil rights, and championing the idea of a minimum wage before it existed.
The press conferences quickly became essential. The Associated Press hired Bess Furman. United Press brought on Ruby Black. The New York Herald Tribune sent Emma Bugbee for “a few days,” and she stayed for months, her stories landing on the front page. Newsrooms across the country suddenly discovered that women could do the job—and that if they didn’t hire them, they couldn’t cover the First Lady. Over twelve years, Eleanor Roosevelt held 348 women‑only press conferences. Ruby Black called it “a New Deal for newswomen.”

But Eleanor Roosevelt’s influence didn’t end there. After FDR’s death in 1945, President Harry Truman appointed her as a delegate to the newly formed United Nations. Her male colleagues, assuming she posed little threat, assigned her to Committee III, which handled humanitarian and cultural issues—“soft” topics they believed would keep her out of the way. They were disastrously mistaken. She was unanimously elected chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights.
For three years, she navigated the treacherous landscape of early Cold War politics, uniting eighteen nations with clashing ideologies, competing interests, and deep mistrust. Communist states faced off against Western democracies. Colonial powers negotiated alongside newly independent nations. Delegates brought different religions, cultures, and definitions of “human rights.” Through it all, she listened, negotiated, compromised when possible, and stood firm when necessary.
On December 10, 1948, she presented the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to the UN General Assembly. The vote was overwhelming: forty‑eight nations in favor, none opposed. As the results were announced, every delegate rose in a standing ovation. Eleanor Roosevelt called the document “an international Magna Carta for all mankind.” Seventy‑six years later, it remains the foundation of international human rights law, translated into more than 500 languages and defining the fundamental rights belonging to every person on Earth.
Eleanor Roosevelt considered it (The Declaration of Human Rights) her greatest achievement—and she was right. Her journey is astonishing: from a woman holding press conferences in a crowded White House parlor because there weren’t enough chairs, to the architect of the document that defines human dignity for the world. From male reporters smirking in doorways, to male diplomats rising to applaud. From being dismissed as a housewife dabbling in politics, to drafting the moral framework of the modern era.
Eleanor Roosevelt didn’t just break glass ceilings. She built ladders so others could climb after her. And when those ladders reached high enough, she used them to lift the entire world.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights




A brief overview of the Declaration of Human Rights from Wikipedia:

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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that codifies some of the rights and freedoms of all human beings. Drafted by a United Nations (UN) committee chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt, it was accepted by the General Assembly as Resolution 217 during its third session on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the 58 members of the UN at the time, 48 voted in favour, none against, eight abstained, and two did not vote

 A foundational text in the history of human and civil rights, the Declaration consists of 30 articles detailing an individual's "basic rights and fundamental freedoms" and affirming their universal character as inherent, inalienable, and applicable to all human beings. Adopted as a "common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations", the UDHR commits nations to recognize all humans as being "born free and equal in dignity and rights" regardless of "nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status".

The Declaration is generally considered to be a milestone document for its universalist language, which makes no reference to a particular culture, political system, or religion. It directly inspired the development of international human rights law, and was the first step in the formulation of the International Bill of Human Rights, which was completed in 1966 and came into force in 1976. Although not legally binding, the contents of the UDHR have been elaborated and incorporated into subsequent international treaties, regional human rights instruments, and national constitutions and legal codes

All 193 member states of the UN have ratified at least one of the nine binding treaties influenced by the Declaration, with the vast majority ratifying four or more. While there is a wide consensus that the declaration itself is non-binding and not part of customary international law, there is also a consensus in most countries that many of its provisions are part of customary law, although courts in some nations have been more restrictive in interpreting its legal effect. Nevertheless, the UDHR has influenced legal, political, and social developments on both the global and national levels, with its significance partly evidenced by its 530 translations.

At time of ratification in 1948, a map of countries how they voted.


Voting in the plenary season: Green countries voted in favor. Orange countries abstained. Black Countries failed to abstain or vote. Grey countries were not a part of the UN at time of voting.

See some background of the document here about Eleanor Roosevelt's contribution.